Beyond the 30-Million-Word Gap: Children's Conversational Exposure Is Associated With Language-Related Brain Function

被引:451
作者
Romeo, Rachel R. [1 ,2 ]
Leonard, Julia A. [2 ,3 ]
Robinson, Sydney T. [2 ,3 ]
West, Martin R. [4 ]
Mackey, Allyson P. [2 ,3 ,5 ]
Rowe, Meredith L. [4 ]
Gabrieli, John D. E. [2 ,3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Harvard Univ, Div Med Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[2] MIT, McGovern Inst Brain Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[3] MIT, Dept Brain & Cognit Sci, E25-618, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[4] Harvard Univ, Harvard Grad Sch Educ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[5] Univ Penn, Dept Psychol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
关键词
language; socioeconomic status; fMRI; LENA; turn taking; open data; open materials; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; SCHOOL READINESS; DIRECTED SPEECH; VOCABULARY; SKILLS; COMMUNICATION; ACQUISITION; ENVIRONMENT; KNOWLEDGE; QUANTITY;
D O I
10.1177/0956797617742725
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Children's early language exposure impacts their later linguistic skills, cognitive abilities, and academic achievement, and large disparities in language exposure are associated with family socioeconomic status (SES). However, there is little evidence about the neural mechanisms underlying the relation between language experience and linguistic and cognitive development. Here, language experience was measured from home audio recordings of 36 SES-diverse 4- to 6-year-old children. During a story-listening functional MRI task, children who had experienced more conversational turns with adultsindependently of SES, IQ, and adult-child utterances aloneexhibited greater left inferior frontal (Broca's area) activation, which significantly explained the relation between children's language exposure and verbal skill. This is the first evidence directly relating children's language environments with neural language processing, specifying both an environmental and a neural mechanism underlying SES disparities in children's language skills. Furthermore, results suggest that conversational experience impacts neural language processing over and above SES or the sheer quantity of words heard.
引用
收藏
页码:700 / 710
页数:11
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