THE PROCESSES OF DESERTIFICATION AND ARID REGIONS

This paper presents a review of desertification, a process of degradation of the productive capacity of the land, particularly in arid and semiarid regions of the world. Because desertification increases gradually, the reasons why this worldwide phenomenon occurs and worsens were studied. In general, desertification results from the combined pressure of an adverse and fluctuating climate and overexploitation of natural resources. Aspects related to the extent and severity of desertification worldwide are explored, as well as the particularities of land degradation in Mexico. Moreover, the characteristics of desertification processes are outlined, taking into account the intricate network of relationships between environmental conditions and productive activities and their effects on biotic, edaphic and hydrological resources. Finally, a series of proposals relating to the application of preventative and corrective measures that tend to prevent and curb desertification are presented.