Can vision be restored to the blind? As early as 1929 it was discovered that stimulating the visual cortex of an individual led to the perception of spots of light, known as phosphenes (1). The aim of artificial human vision systems Is to attempt to utilize the perception of phosphenes to provide a useful substitute for normal vision. Currently, four locations for electrical stimulation are being investigated; behind the retina (subretinal), in front of the retina (epiretinal), the optic nerve and the visual cortex (using intra- and surface electrodes). This review discusses artificial human vision technology and requirements, and reviews the current development projects.
机构:
Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Harvard Med Sch, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02115 USAMassachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Killian, Nathaniel J.
Vurro, Milena
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Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Harvard Med Sch, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02115 USAMassachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Vurro, Milena
Keith, Sarah B.
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Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Harvard Med Sch, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02115 USAMassachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Keith, Sarah B.
Kyada, Margee J.
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Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Harvard Med Sch, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02115 USAMassachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Kyada, Margee J.
Pezaris, John S.
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Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Harvard Med Sch, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02115 USAMassachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02114 USA
机构:
Shandong Univ, Sch Integrated Circuits, Jinan, Peoples R China
Univ Hong Kong, Dept Psychol, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Univ, Sch Integrated Circuits, Jinan, Peoples R China
Liu, Guoyang
Zhang, Jindi
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Huawei Res, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Univ, Sch Integrated Circuits, Jinan, Peoples R China
Zhang, Jindi
Chan, Antoni B.
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机构:
City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Comp Sci, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Univ, Sch Integrated Circuits, Jinan, Peoples R China
Chan, Antoni B.
Hsiao, Janet H.
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Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Div Social Sci, Clearwater Bay, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
Univ Hong Kong, Dept Psychol, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R ChinaShandong Univ, Sch Integrated Circuits, Jinan, Peoples R China