State of the Field: Extreme Precision Radial Velocities

被引：248

作者：

Fischer, Debra A. ^{[1
]}

Anglada-Escude, Guillem ^{[2
,3
]}

Arriagada, Pamela ^{[4
]}

Baluev, Roman V. ^{[5
,6
]}

Bean, Jacob L. ^{[7
]}

Bouchy, Francois ^{[8
]}

Buchhave, Lars A. ^{[9
,10
]}

Carroll, Thorsten ^{[11
]}

Chakraborty, Abhijit ^{[12
]}

Crepp, Justin R. ^{[13
]}

Dawson, Rebekah I. ^{[14
,15
]}

Diddams, Scott A. ^{[16
,17
]}

Dumusque, Xavier ^{[18
]}

Eastman, Jason D. ^{[19
]}

Endl, Michael ^{[20
,21
,22
]}

Figueira, Pedro ^{[23
]}

Ford, Eric B. ^{[14
,15
]}

Foreman-Mackey, Daniel ^{[24
,25
]}

Fournier, Paul ^{[26
]}

Furesz, Gabor ^{[27
]}

Gaudi, B. Scott ^{[28
]}

Gregory, Philip C. ^{[29
]}

Grundahl, Frank ^{[30
]}

Hatzes, Artie P. ^{[31
]}

Hebrard, Guillaume ^{[32
,33
,34
]}

Herrero, Enrique ^{[35
]}

Hogg, David W. ^{[24
,36
]}

Howard, Andrew W. ^{[37
]}

Johnson, John A. ^{[19
]}

Jorden, Paul ^{[38
]}

Jurgenson, Colby A. ^{[1
]}

Latham, David W. ^{[19
]}

Laughlin, Greg ^{[39
]}

Loredo, Thomas J. ^{[40
]}

Lovis, Christophe ^{[18
]}

Mahadevan, Suvrath ^{[14
,15
,41
]}

McCracken, Tyler M. ^{[1
]}

Pepe, Francesco ^{[18
]}

Perez, Mario ^{[42
]}

Phillips, David F. ^{[19
]}

Plavchan, Peter P. ^{[43
]}

Prato, Lisa ^{[44
]}

Quirrenbach, Andreas ^{[45
]}

Reiners, Ansgar ^{[46
]}

Robertson, Paul ^{[14
,15
]}

Santos, Nuno C. ^{[23
,47
]}

Sawyer, David ^{[1
]}

Segransan, Damien ^{[18
]}

Sozzetti, Alessandro ^{[48
]}

Steinmetz, Tilo ^{[49
]}

机构：

[1] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06511 USA

[2] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Sci & Technol Res Inst, Coll Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England

[3] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, 327 Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England

[4] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA

[5] Russian Acad Sci, Cent Astron Observ Pulkovo, Pulkovskoje Shosse 65, St Petersburg 196140, Russia

[6] St Petersburg State Univ, Sobolev Astron Inst, Univ Skij Prospekt 28, St Petersburg 198504, Russia

[7] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA

[8] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, UMR 7326, LAM, F-13388 Marseille, France

[9] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Star & Planet Format, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark

[10] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark

[11] Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam, Sternwarte 16, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany

[12] PRL, Astron & Astrophys Div, Ahmadabad 380009, Gujarat, India

[13] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, South Bend, IN USA

[14] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[15] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[16] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA

[17] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, 2000 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[18] Univ Geneva, Astron Observ, 51 Chemin Maillettes, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland

[19] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[20] Univ Texas Austin, 2515 Speedway,C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA

[21] Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway,C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA

[22] McDonald Observ, 2515 Speedway,C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA

[23] Univ Porto, CAUP, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, Rua Estrelas, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal

[24] NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA

[25] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 951580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[26] Fibertech Opt Inc, Kitchener, ON N2M 5C6, Canada

[27] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Mass Ave,37-515, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[28] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[29] Univ British Columbia, Phys & Astron, 6244 Agr Rd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada

[30] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

[31] Thuringer Landessternwarte, Sternwarte 5,Tautenburg 5, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany

[32] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, 98Bis Blvd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France

[33] Univ Aix Marseille, Observ Haute Provence, F-04870 St Michel Lobservatoire, France

[34] CNRS, F-04870 St Michel Lobservatoire, France

[35] Fac Ciencies, Inst Ciencies Espai CSICIEEC, Campus UAB,Torre C5 Parell,2a Pl, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain

[36] NYU, Ctr Data Sci, New York, NY 10003 USA

[37] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA

[38] E2v Technol, 106 Waterhouse Lane, Chelmsford, Essex, England

[39] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[40] Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Space Sci Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA

[41] Penn State Univ, Penn State Astrobiol Res Ctr, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[42] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA

[43] Missouri State Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Mat Sci, 901 S Natl Ave, Springfield, MO 65897 USA

[44] Lowell Observ, 1400 West Mars Hill, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA

[45] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Landessternwarte, Konigstuhl 12, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

[46] Georg August Univ, Inst Astrophys, Friedrich Hund Pl 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany

[47] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis & Astron, Rua Campo Alegre, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal

[48] Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, INAF, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy

[49] Menlo Syst GmbH, Klopferspitz 19a, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany

[50] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

来源：

PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC | 2016年 / 128卷 / 964期

基金：

欧洲研究理事会; 美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

instrumentation: spectrographs; methods: observational; methods: statistical; techniques: radial velocities; techniques: spectroscopic; EARTH-LIKE PLANETS; OPTICAL FREQUENCY COMB; FIBER-FED SPECTROGRAPH; PULSAR-TIMING PACKAGE; ORBITING HD 7924; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; LOW-MASS PLANETS; SUN-LIKE STAR; 1 CM S(-1); HIGH-RESOLUTION;

D O I：

10.1088/1538-3873/128/964/066001

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

The Second Workshop on Extreme Precision Radial Velocities defined circa 2015 the state of the art Doppler precision and identified the critical path challenges for reaching 10 cm s(-1) measurement precision. The presentations and discussion of key issues for instrumentation and data analysis and the workshop recommendations for achieving this bold precision are summarized here. Beginning with the High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher spectrograph, technological advances for precision radial velocity (RV) measurements have focused on building extremely stable instruments. To reach still higher precision, future spectrometers will need to improve upon the state of the art, producing even higher fidelity spectra. This should be possible with improved environmental control, greater stability in the illumination of the spectrometer optics, better detectors, more precise wavelength calibration, and broader bandwidth spectra. Key data analysis challenges for the precision RV community include distinguishing center of mass (COM) Keplerian motion from photospheric velocities (time correlated noise) and the proper treatment of telluric contamination. Success here is coupled to the instrument design, but also requires the implementation of robust statistical and modeling techniques. COM velocities produce Doppler shifts that affect every line identically, while photospheric velocities produce line profile asymmetries with wavelength and temporal dependencies that are different from Keplerian signals. Exoplanets are an important subfield of astronomy and there has been an impressive rate of discovery over the past two decades. However, higher precision RV measurements are required to serve as a discovery technique for potentially habitable worlds, to confirm and characterize detections from transit missions, and to provide mass measurements for other space-based missions. The future of exoplanet science has very different trajectories depending on the precision that can ultimately be achieved with Doppler measurements.

引用

页数：43

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