[1] PIH, IMB, Kigali, Rwanda
[2] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[3] Rwinkwavu Dist Hosp, Rwinkwavu, Rwanda
[4] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Global Hlth Equ, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[5] Natl Univ Rwanda, Sch Publ Hlth, Kigali, Rwanda
[6] PIH, Boston, MA 02215 USA
[7] Minist Hlth, Kigali, Rwanda