Conditions and threshold for magma transfer in the layered upper crust: Insights from experimental models

被引:7
|
作者
Ritter, Malte C. [1 ]
Acocella, Valerio [2 ]
Ruch, Joel [2 ]
Philipp, Sonja L. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Gottingen, Geosci Ctr, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany
[2] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Sci, Rome, Italy
关键词
dike; layering; elasticity; modeling; volcano; SILL FORMATION; ELASTIC MEDIA; PROPAGATION; STRESSES;
D O I
10.1002/2013GL058199
中图分类号
P [天文学、地球科学];
学科分类号
07 ;
摘要
Magma transfer, i.e., dike propagation, is partly controlled by Young's modulus (elasticity) contrasts (ratio upper layer to lower layer modulus) in the host rock. Here we try to better constrain the elasticity contrasts controlling the propagation velocity of dikes and their arrest. We simulate dike propagation in layered elastic media with different elasticity contrasts. Salted gelatin and water represent host rock and magma, respectively. For common density ratios between magma and host rock (1.1), velocity variations are observed and a critical threshold in the elasticity contrast between layers results in the Young's modulus ratio of 2.10.6. Naturally occurring elasticity contrasts can be much higher than this experimental threshold, suggesting that dike arrest due to heterogeneous elastic host rock properties is more frequent than expected. Examples of recently deflected or stalled dikes inside volcanoes and the common presence of high-velocity bodies below volcanoes suggest that better defining elasticity contrasts below volcanoes helps in forecasting eruptions.
引用
收藏
页码:6043 / 6047
页数:5
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