Boundary conditions modelling of one-dimensional gas flows in an internal combustion engine

The aim of this paper is to improve the boundary conditions modelling for one-dimensional simulation codes. First, a literature survey is made in order to present the main equations and literature models, then a detailed description of the methodology is presented. Cross-sectional area variations and bends are studied using a new methodology. New models are then established that depend on the geometrical configuration and the flow characteristics. Finally, numerical results are compared with experimental results from a shock test bench. The new models are found to give better results for the instantaneous pressure signals and to improve flow calculations significantly.