Converging Islamic and religious norms in Indonesia's state life plurality

被引:1
|
作者
Farkhani [1 ,2 ]
Elviandri [3 ]
Dimyati, Khudzaifah [1 ]
Absori [1 ]
Zuhri, Muh. [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia
[2] Univ Islam Negeri Salatiga, Kota Salatiga, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia
[3] Univ Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Utara, Tarakan, Indonesia
关键词
Convergence; Religious norms; Plurality;
D O I
10.18326/ijims.v12i2.421-446
中图分类号
B9 [宗教];
学科分类号
010107 ;
摘要
Indonesia is characterized by a plurality of values that inspire the formation of the state and its constitution. The democratization after the reformation made some religious communities desire to express their teachings openly. For instance, they desired to implement religious norms, resulting in laws and regional regulations with religious nuances. This study aimed to examine the convergence of Islamic norms and norms of other religions into positive law. It also intended to examine the prospects for converging these norms amid religious plurality. Using a historical and normative approach model, the practice of converging Islamic norms and norms of other religions was found from the formation to the promulgation of Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. However, this law often receives judicial reviews, especially concerning interfaith marriages. The latest product of legislation relating to the application of religious norms into positive law is Aceh Qanun No. 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat. The Qanun is interesting in the study of the convergence of norms of Islam and other religions in Indonesia. Although the formation and promulgation involved only followers of Islam, the Qanun accommodated the teachings of other religions. Therefore, non-Muslims prefer submitting to the Qanun rather than voting for the Criminal Code. These two examples show the prospect of converging open religious norms in various legislations.Indonesia dicirikan oleh pluralitas nilai yang mengilhami pembentukan negara dan konstitusinya. Demokratisasi pasca reformasi membuat sebagian umat beragama berkeinginan untuk mengungkapkan ajarannya secara terbuka. Misalnya, mereka ingin menerapkan norma-norma agama, menghasilkan undang-undang dan peraturan daerah yang bernuansa agama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konvergensi norma Islam dan norma agama-agama lainnya ke dalam hukum positif. Hal ini juga dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji prospek konvergensi norma-norma ini di tengah pluralitas agama. Dengan menggunakan model pendekatan historis dan normatif, praktik konvergensi norma Islam dan norma agama-agama lainnya ditemukan sejak pembentukan hingga diundangkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan. Namun, undang-undang ini sering mendapat judicial review, terutama tentang pernikahan beda agama. Produk perundangan terbaru yang berkaitan pemberlakuan norma agama menjadi hukum positif adalah Qanun Aceh No. 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Jinayat. Qanun tersebut, menarik dalam kajian konvergensi norma Islam dan agama-agama lainnya di Indonesia. Meskipun pembentukan dan penyebarluasannya hanya melibatkan pemeluk agama Islam, namun qanun tersebut mengakomodir ajaran agama lain. Dalam hal penegakkan hukumnya non-muslim diberikan pilihan tunduk pada Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) atau Qanun. Faktanya non-Muslim lebih memilih tunduk pada Qanun daripada memilih KUHP. Kedua contoh tersebut menunjukkan bahwa sangat terbuka prospek konvergensi norma-norma agama dalam pembentukan berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan.
引用
收藏
页码:421 / 446
页数:26
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