Tools for Simulation; Low Budget and No Budget

Interventional Radiology (IR) incorporates a unique set of technical skills such as ultrasound-guided needle placement, inferior vena cava filter placement, and wire/catheter exchange, which are not easily attained in other aspects of medical training. Simple, low cost models can allow medical students and residents to attain these skills in a low risk setting. These simulated tasks will ultimately combine to improve preparedness of trainees during patient procedures allowing them to advance more quickly through the training paradigm without patient risk. Many commercially available devices may be cost prohibitive, so low cost solutions are presented. (C) Published by Elsevier Inc.