Dryland winter wheat response to tillage and nitrogen within an annual cropping system

被引:55
|
作者
Halvorson, AD
Black, AL
Krupinsky, JM
Merrill, SD
机构
[1] ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA
[2] ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA
关键词
D O I
10.2134/agronj1999.914702x
中图分类号
S3 [农学(农艺学)];
学科分类号
0901 ;
摘要
Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) can add diversity to dryland crop rotations in the northern Great plains, but it is susceptible to winterkill in low surface residue environments. A 12-year study was conducted to determine the response of two winter wheat cultivars, Roughrider and Norstar; to tillage system (conventional-till, CT; minimum-till, MT: and no-till, NT) and N fertilizer rate (34, 67, and 101 kg N ha(-1)) in a dryland spring wheat-winter wheat-sunflower (Helianthus annuus L,) rotation. Grain yields were greater with MT (1968 kg ha(-1)) and NT (2022 kg ha(-1)) than with CT (1801 kg ha(-1)), but tillage system effects on grain yield varied among years, Increasing N rate from 34 kg N ha(-1) to 67 kg N ha(-1) increased grain production from 1844 to 1953 kg ha(-1), but yield response to N rate varied among years., The greatest overall grain yield (2111 kg ha(-1)) if as obtained with NT and application of 101 kg N ha(-1). Grain yields were lowest during gears when plant-available Hater (PAW) was <300 mm. In years with >400 an PAW, leaf spot disease incidence was greatest, particularly at the lowest N rate with NT. Application of adequate N reduced the disease incidence in all tillage treatments. Cultivar differences Here significant 3 out of 12 years, but not consistent. Winterkill was a factor for both cultivars in only 1 year in the CT and MT plots. Winter wheat performed Hell as a rotational crop in this cropping system when using,tfT and NT systems and adequate N fertility, Our long-term results indicate that producers in the northern Great Plains ran use winter wheat successfully in annual cropping systems that do not include a fallow period, particularly if NT is used with adequate N fertilization.
引用
收藏
页码:702 / 707
页数:6
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