β-Adrenergic receptor gene polymorphisms and hemodynamic response to dobutamine during dobutamine stress echocardiography

Our objective was to determine if beta(1)-adrenergic receptor (beta(1)-AR) and beta(2)-AR gene polymorphisms influence heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) response to dobutamine during dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE). Patients (n = 163) undergoing clinically indicated DSE were enrolled. Dobutamine doses were titrated from 5 to 40 mu g kg(-1) min(-1) at 3 min intervals and HR, SBP and DBP were measured. Genotypes were determined for beta(1)-AR Ser49Gly, beta 1-AR Arg389Gly, beta(2)-AR Arg16Gly and beta(2)-AR Gln27Glu polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, pyrosequencing and single primer extension methods. beta(2)-AR Glu27 homozygotes had a greater HR response at the highest dobutamine dose than Gln27 carriers (P = 0.002). beta(2)-AR Gly16 homozygotes had a lower HR response during 5-30 mu g kg(-1) min(-1) of the dobutamine infusion protocol compared to Arg16 carriers (P = 0.03). Differences in SBP by beta(2)-AR codon 16 genotype and DBP by beta(1)-AR codon 389 genotype were found at baseline and were maintained throughout DSE (P = 0.06 and 0.02, respectively). However, the magnitude of SBP and DBP response to dobutamine did not differ significantly by beta(2)-AR codon 16 or beta(1)-AR codon 389 genotypes, respectively. These data suggest that the four selected beta(1)- and beta(2)-AR polymorphisms do not substantially influence the magnitude of hemodynamic response to dobutamine during DSE.