End-to-End QoS Optimization for V2X Service Localization

This paper introduces a novel Vehicular-to-Everything (V2X) service localization concept, which enhances reliability and latency requirements through indirect communication via 5G Radio Access Network (RAN) nodes. The indirect communication over New Radio (NR) is expected to benefit the overall reliability especially for vehicles, which are not in close vicinity and widen the service coverage that is essential for highly automated, safety-related, cooperative driving scenarios. However, this may come at the cost of high complexity and increasing end-to-end (e2e) latency compared to direct Vehicular-to-Vehicular (V2V) communication. Our proposal aims to exploit the benefits of both indirect and direct communication, by employing localized e2e paths. A key challenge is how to optimize the uplink, downlink and wireless backhaul (BH) constituents of a local path in order to ensure e2e Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees for V2X services in multi-cell environments. To this end, we propose a framework, which decouples a dynamic path-tailored Time Division Duplex (TDD) configuration scheme from a sub-gradient utility optimization method for balancing the resources between BH and access links, based on partial dual decomposition. Numerical results based on a realistic system level simulation setup show significant gains in both e2e reliability, latency as well as V2V path rate, over the benchmark solutions.