High-accuracy VLC-based indoor positioning system using multi-level modulation

In this study, a novel high-precision positioning algorithm was proposed by using Visible Light Communication (VLC) with only a simple and single receiver. The received voltage-level difference with multi-level modulation was adopted as the input variable, in order to minimize the negative consequences of noise. Then, the relationship between the received voltage-level difference, noise, and position was developed based on the optical propagation model. The minimum mean squares error algorithm and extended-Kalman filter was employed in order to improve the accuracy of the optical model and achieve high performance. Using the developed algorithm, high-accuracy results with a 0.9 cm average position error in the simulation and 2.56 cm average position error in the practical experiments were obtained. (C) 2019 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement