Effects of nicotine on visuospatial attentional orienting in non-smokers

被引:13
|
作者
Impey, D. [1 ,2 ]
Chique-Alfonzo, M. [1 ]
Shah, D. [1 ,2 ]
Fisher, D. J. [1 ,3 ]
Knott, V. J. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Ottawa, Mental Hlth Res Inst, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
[2] Univ Ottawa, Sch Psychol, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
[3] Mt St Vincent Univ, Dept Psychol, Halifax, NS B3M 2J6, Canada
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
Nicotine; Non-smokers; Visual spatial cueing; Attention; Event-related potentials; P100; ERP; VISUAL-SPATIAL ATTENTION; TRANSDERMAL NICOTINE; SELECTIVE ATTENTION; SMOKING; PERFORMANCE; MECHANISMS; SMOKERS; POTENTIALS; AMPLITUDE; KINETICS;
D O I
10.1016/j.pbb.2013.02.015
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Nicotine is a highly addictive substance, suggested to be in part due to its cognitive enhancing effects in the attentional domain. Improvements in stimulus selection with nicotine have been reported but its effects on visual-spatial selective attention are unclear. This study utilized event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine the acute effects of nicotine on selective attention in non-smokers performing a Posner-type visuo-spatial task. The attentional processing of visual-spatial locations is reflected in the P1 ERP component, which represents earlier stages of visual analysis. 24 non-smokers received nicotine gum (6 mg) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, repeated measures design. Behavioral performance and ERPs were assessed in response to target locations preceded by valid, invalid and neutral cues. Nicotine did not affect behavioral performance indices. P1 amplitudes were greater in valid and neutral cue trials compared to invalid cue trials and acute nicotine administration (vs. placebo) was found to increase P1 amplitudes in the right hemisphere, particularly in valid cue trials. In addition, in high symptomatic subjects (as indexed by greater increases in heart rate post-administration), nicotine (vs. placebo) produced greater P1 amplitudes in valid cue trials. The study concludes that nicotine enhanced visuo-spatial selective attention with regards to early visual encoding and analysis. These results demonstrate support in general for the attentional effects of nicotine and nicotinic agonists and they specifically extend these effects to include orienting of visual-spatial attention. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 7
页数:7
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