[1] Tokyo Inst Technol, Interdisciplinary Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Midori Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2268503, Japan
[2] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Res Ctr Photovolta Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058565, Japan
[3] Hokkaido Univ, Fac Engn, Div Mat Chem, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan
[4] Fuji Elect Adv Technol Co Ltd, Hino, Tokyo 1918502, Japan