HUP: An Unstructured Hierarchical Peer-to-Peer Protocol

This paper presents an organized network architecture for unstructured peer-to-peer systems where nodes are added to the network in a systematic way to efficiently utilize the node resources. This network architecture is characterized by O(log(m)(n)) network diameter and O(log(m)(n)) messages for node joining and node failure, where n is the number of nodes in the network and m is the number of children of a node. Purely decentralized systems like Gnutella route the query in an environment where the node capabilities are not identified. Whereas the proposed Hierarchical Unstructured p2p (HUP) routes the query towards the high capable nodes. This organization of nodes improves the probability of query success rate than that of purely unstructured systems.