Ghrelin, appetite, and gastric motility: the emerging role of the stomach as an endocrine organ

被引:313
|
作者
Inui, A
Asakawa, A
Bowers, CY
Mantovani, G
Laviano, A
Meguid, MM
Fujimiya, M
机构
[1] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Clin Mol Med, Div Diabet Digest & Kidney Dis,Chuo Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6500017, Japan
[2] Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA
[3] Univ Cagliari, Dept Med Oncol, Cagliari, Italy
[4] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Clin Med, Rome, Italy
[5] Upstate Med Univ, Univ Hosp, Dept Surg, Neurosci Program,Surg Metab & Nutr Lab, Syracuse, NY USA
[6] Shiga Univ Med Sci, Dept Anat, Otsu, Shiga 52021, Japan
来源
FASEB JOURNAL | 2004年 / 18卷 / 03期
关键词
GHS; orexigenic signal; enteric nutrition; ATP/AgRP neurons;
D O I
10.1096/fj.03-0641rev
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Recent progress in the field of energy homeostasis was triggered by the discovery of adipocyte hormone leptin and revealed a complex regulatory neuroendocrine network. A late addition is the novel stomach hormone ghrelin, which is an endogenous agonist at the growth hormone secretagogne receptor and is the motilin-related family of regulatory peptides. In addition to its ability to stimulate GH secretion and gastric motility, ghrelin stimulates appetite and induces a positive energy balance leading to body weight gain. Leptin and ghrelin are complementary, yet antagonistic, signals reflecting acute and chronic changes in energy balance, the effects of which are mediated by hypothalamic neuropeptides such as neuropeptide Y and agouti-related peptide. Endocrine and vagal afferent pathways are involved in these actions of ghrelin and leptin. Ghrelin is a novel neuroendocrine signal possessing a wide spectrum of biological activities that illustrates the importance of the stomach in providing input into the brain. Defective ghrelin signaling from the stomach could contribute to abnormalities in energy balance, growth, and associated gastrointestinal and neuroendocrine functions.
引用
收藏
页码:439 / 456
页数:18
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