Prosthetic valve endocarditis byTrichosporon mucoides A case report and review of literature

Nationale: Trichosporonspecies are widely distributed in nature and are emerging opportunistic human pathogens.Trichosporoninfections are associated with superficial cutaneous involvement in immunocompetent individuals to severe systemic disease in immunocompromised patients. Until now, there is no report in infective endocarditis byTrichosporon mucoidesconfirmed by molecular diagnostics Patient concerns: A 66-year-old man presented with a fever that had occurred for a period of 6 months. He had undergone aortic valve replacement 10 years prior. Transthoracic echocardiography showed vegetations on the prosthetic aortic valve and native mitral valve.T mucoideswas detected in the cultures of blood and vegetations. Diagnosis: DNA sequencing using D/D2 region of rRNA and internal transcribed spacer were performed. Interventions: Infections were successfully controlled with valve replacement and voriconazole plus liposomal amphotericin B therapy. Outcomes: There has been no sign of recurrence for 18-months after treatment completion. Lessons: This is the first reported case of infective endocarditis due toT mucoides. Clinicians should considerTrichosporonspecies as causative agents of endocarditis in patients who have undergone cardiac surgery.