Binary Programing Model to Optimize RSU Placement for Information Dissemination

Vehicular communication systems are developed not only to increase safety but also for mobility of road transportation. Roadside units (RSU) are the prominent elements of this technology. This equipment is installed on roadsides and at intersections to gather traffic information from vehicles and send messages and alarms to vehicles. Due to the costly implementation and maintenance of this equipment, determining the number of RSUs and their placement are the important problems. In this paper, we propose a novel binary programming (BP) model to the placement of RSUs beside a road to maximize information dissemination to vehicles. This approach makes decisions based on the number of curves, number of on-ramps, accident rate, weather condition, and cost limitations. The proposed model is applied on Tehran to Pardis Freeway. According to the computational experiments, four operational phases are obtained to equip the whole road for information dissemination.