Enzyme formulation effect on the rosehip oil cold-pressed extraction process

Rosehip oil has excellent pharmaceutical and cosmetic properties. It is composed of essential fatty acids such as linolenic and linoleic, and the active component trans retinoic acid (tretinoin). The rosehip oil press extraction process has a low yield. To increase oil extraction, incorporation of an enzyme pretreatment was evaluated. Four commercial enzyme formulations with different main activities as cellulase, hemicellulase, xylanase, and pectinase were studied in a pure and combined state. Hydrolysis was done at different intervals between 3 and 12 h for an enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio between 0 and 2% w.b./d.b. at 45degreesC and moisture of 30% w.b. The extraction yield was determined by measuring the press-cake residual oil by the Soxhlet method. All the enzymes studied enhanced the oil extraction yield compared with their controls. A synergistic effect was observed when the commercial enzymes were combined. The highest oil extraction was obtained with Cellubrix/Olivex and Cellubrix/Finizym mixtures. Extraction yields of 53 and 52%, respectively, were the result of 12 h of hydrolysis with an E/S ratio of 1%. Both mixtures increased by 20 to 21% compared with their controls without enzyme. E/S ratios chosen for future studies were 1.5% for 6 h for the Cellubrix/Olivex (1:1) mixture and 1% for 9 h for the Cellubrix/Finizym mixture with oil extraction yields of 54 and 52%, respectively.