Ecological Consequences of Sea-Ice Decline

被引：407

作者：

Post, Eric ^{[1
,2
]}

Bhatt, Uma S. ^{[3
]}

Bitz, Cecilia M. ^{[4
]}

Brodie, Jedediah F. ^{[5
,6
]}

Fulton, Tara L. ^{[7
]}

Hebblewhite, Mark ^{[8
]}

Kerby, Jeffrey ^{[1
,2
]}

Kutz, Susan J. ^{[9
]}

Stirling, Ian ^{[10
,11
]}

Walker, Donald A. ^{[12
,13
]}

机构：

[1] Penn State Univ, Polar Ctr, Mueller Lab 208, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[2] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Mueller Lab 208, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[3] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Dept Atmospher Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA

[4] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[5] Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada

[6] Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada

[7] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[8] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA

[9] Univ Calgary Vet Med, Dept Ecosyst Publ Hlth, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada

[10] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Environm Canada, Wildlife Res Div, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada

[11] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada

[12] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Alaska Geobot Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA

[13] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 2013年 / 341卷 / 6145期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

CLIMATE-CHANGE; PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOMS; PACIFIC WALRUS; FOOD QUALITY; TRENDS;

D O I：

10.1126/science.1235225

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

After a decade with nine of the lowest arctic sea-ice minima on record, including the historically low minimum in 2012, we synthesize recent developments in the study of ecological responses to sea-ice decline. Sea-ice loss emerges as an important driver of marine and terrestrial ecological dynamics, influencing productivity, species interactions, population mixing, gene flow, and pathogen and disease transmission. Major challenges in the near future include assigning clearer attribution to sea ice as a primary driver of such dynamics, especially in terrestrial systems, and addressing pressures arising from human use of arctic coastal and near-shore areas as sea ice diminishes.

引用

页码：519 / 524

页数：6

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