Guidelines Updates in the Treatment of Obesity or Metabolic Syndrome and Hypertension

Obesity and overweight are nowadays very prevalent worldwide. They are known to be linked with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular comorbidities and mortality. Abdominal obesity is frequently associated with a collection of metabolic disorders that include elevated blood pressure, characteristic lipid abnormalities (low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high triglycerides) and increased fasting glucose, with an underlying situation of insulin resistance, which has been defined as metabolic syndrome, conferring a high cardiovascular risk profile to these subjects. A multidisciplinary approach is required, including lifestyle changes and pharmacological and surgical approaches. Intensive management of all the risk factors of the metabolic syndrome is also needed to reduce body weight and waist circumference, lessen insulin resistance and avoid the development of new-onset diabetes and cardiovascular disease associated with this entity. This article will review the recently published literature and guideline updates on this topic, although it is not yet included in the highlights.