Operation modeling of closed-end and closed-loop oscillating heat pipes at normal operating condition

The heat transfer characteristics of a closed-end oscillating heat pipe (CEOHP) and a closed-loop oscillating heat pipe (CLOHP) at normal operating condition were modeled using the explicit finite element method. The parameters affecting the heat transfer of a CEOHP and a CLOHP at top heat mode were analytically investigated. The principles and theories of internal friction flow, basic governing equations and a finite difference scheme were applied to evaluate the heat transfer rate. The predicted heat transfer rate, obtained from the model, was compared to the existing experimental data. The effects of the working fluid, evaporator length and inner diameter on the performance of a CEOHP and a CLOHP were also investigated. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.