A survey of privacy enhancing technologies for smart cities

Advances in information technology allow for better data collection along with the creation of applications designed to utilize this data. City operations can be improved by implementing solutions utilizing such applications. However, improving data availability combined with powerful analytic tools increases the risk of privacy violations. Smart City solutions must be implemented diligently to ensure regulatory restrictions and social expectations are satisfied. This paper provides a review of the state of Smart Cities around the world, some examples of implemented solutions, and then further explores how the privacy of individuals could be exposed and how this exposure could be mitigated using multiple privacy enhancing technologies. A detailed review of existing privacy enhancing technologies is presented, in addition to their applications in the context of smart cities. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.