For thousands of years, equality has been one of the most desired goals and values of human society. Gender equality, class equality and racial equality are the embodiments of human equality. Equality between men and women is an integral part of human equality and an important measure of human social civilization, progress and harmony. Today, surrounding the questions of "what is the real equality between men and women" and "how to define gender equality", different points of view and practices still exist in the theoretical cycle and actual policy makers and common people. This paper studies the theory of equality between men and women, analyzes the development status and existing problems of the protection of men and women's rights and interests, and puts forward some suggestions to promote the realization of the true gender equality.