Reflection-time-of-flight spectrometer for two-electron (e,2e) coincidence spectroscopy on surfaces

In this article, a novel time-of-flight spectrometer for two-electron-emission (e,2e/gamma,2e) correlation spectroscopy from surfaces at low electron energies is presented. The spectrometer consists of electron optics that collect emitted electrons over a solid angle of approximately 1 sr and focus them onto a multichannel plate using a reflection technique. The flight time of an electron with kinetic energy of E(kin)similar or equal to 25 eV is around 100 ns. The corresponding time- and energy resolution are typically approximate to 1 ns and approximate to 0.65 eV, respectively. The first (e,2e) data obtained with the present setup from a LiF film are presented. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.