Effectiveness of physical and mental health interventions for young people with heart conditions: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

IntroductionCardiovascular disease is among the most common of non-communicable diseases, affecting 13.9 million children and young people (CYP) globally. Survival rates for CYP with heart conditions are rising, however, support for adjusting to life with a heart condition is lacking, as such it is unsurprising that one in three suffer from anxiety, depression or adjustment disorder. The proposed review aims to identify and assess the effectiveness of physical and mental health interventions across physical and mental health outcomes in young people with cardiac conditions using narrative synthesis and meta-analysis if appropriate.Methods and analysisEmbase, Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Databases, Web of Science and reference lists of relevant publications will be searched from 1980 to June 2022 for articles published in English or Italian. Screening, data extraction, intervention coding and risk of bias will be performed by two independent reviewers using an extraction checklist. Intervention content and features will be identified and reported using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication checklist. A narrative review of the included studies will be conducted. If possible and appropriate, a random-effects model meta-analysis will be conducted to calculate the pooled within-group and between-group effect sizes for the primary outcome measures. If sufficient data are available, a subgroup meta-analysis will investigate whether specific intervention types are associated with different levels of intervention effectiveness.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review does not directly involve the use of human beings, therefore, there is no requirement for ethical approval. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication and in various media, such as conferences, congresses or symposia.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022330582.