Exploring Chalcone Derivatives: Synthesis and Their Therapeutic Potential

Chalcones (1, 3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones), a class of organic compounds known for their distinctive chemical structure and remarkable pharmacological properties, have garnered significant attention in the fields of medicinal chemistry and drug development. Chalcones are versatile molecules containing open chain flavonoids composed of three-carbon, unsaturated carbonyl system connecting two aromatic rings. Chalcone group containing compounds are promising synthons and bioactive scaffolds of great medicinal interest and demonstrated a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, and more. Their mechanisms of action involve modulation of various cellular pathways, making them valuable assets in the quest for novel therapeutics. Additionally, the abundance of chalcone precursors in nature aligns with the growing emphasis on sustainable and eco-friendly drug development. This review synthesizes the extensive research on chalcones, highlighting their significance as a rich source of potential drug agent and their pivotal role in the development of innovative therapies across various medical disciplines.