Relationship between using educational technology and academic passion with academic achievement and creative self-efficacy: structural equations modelling approach

This study aims to determine the relationship between educational technology (ET) and academic passion (AP) with English Foreign Language (EFL) learners' creative self-efficacy (CSE) and academic achievement (AA). Few studies have been conducted in this field. The sample of the present study includes all intermediate language learners, including 5800 people. There are 28 institutes in Zanjan city (16 for females and 12 for males). The researchers used the multi-stage sampling method for selecting participants. In the first stage, out of 28 institutions two institutions (one male and one female institution) were selected by a simple randomized method. For gathering data, four questionnaires were administered to collect data: CSE, ET, AP, and AA. SPSS 26 and AMOS 24 software were used to analyze the collected data from questionnaires. Descriptive, inferential, and Structural Covariance Matrix (SEM) statistics were conducted to explore the relationship among these variables. The results show that the application of ET has a positive and significant effect on CSE, AP, and ET. Considering the relationship between ET and these variables, it is recommended that the authorities adopt programs to promote using ET for students and thus be effective in increasing the AP with CSE and AA of EFL learners.