Predictors of bioterrorism preparedness among clinical nurses: A cross-sectional study

Background: Bioterrorism is terrorism that causes death, injury, or illness by the intentional release of viruses, bacteria, fungi, or toxins. Bioterrorism cannot be prevented; therefore, having the ability to recognize and respond to the consequences of infection caused by biological agents is imperative. This study aimed to examine the level of bioterrorism preparedness and identify the influencing factors of bioterrorism preparedness among nurses, who are early responders to bioterrorism. Methods: This study had a predictive correlational study design. It surveyed 245 clinical nurses currently working in general hospitals. We used a structured questionnaire consisting of items about general characteristics, knowledge about bioterrorism, awareness of bioterrorism risk, perception of institutional bioterrorism preparedness, attitude toward bioterrorism, and bioterrorism preparedness. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and by performing a t-test, chi-square test, analysis of variance, post-hoc test, correlational analysis, and regression analysis. Results: Bioterrorism preparedness was significantly positively correlated with the perception of institutional and frontline bioterrorism preparedness and attitude toward bioterrorism. It was also significantly influenced by sex, undergraduate bioterrorism education, employee bioterrorism education, perception of governmental bioterrorism preparedness, and attitude toward bioterrorism. The greatest predictors of bioterrorism preparedness were attitude toward bioterrorism, perception of institutional bioterrorism preparedness, and undergraduate bioterrorism education, which explained 39 % of the variance of bioterrorism preparedness. Conclusion: This study found that clinical nurses' awareness and attitude toward bioterrorism are important factors in their bioterrorism preparedness and that attention to and education about bioterrorism are crucial to enhance clinical nurses' bioterrorism preparedness. Continued research is needed to establish a bioterrorism response system and relevant educational programs.