Antibacterial and antioxidant efficacy of ethyl acetate extract of Cymodocea serrulata and assess the major bioactive components in the extract using GC-MS analysis

The emergence of drugs from marine sources, particularly marine plants, has increased in recent years. Hence, the purpose of this study was to assess, evaluate the phytochemical profile, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity of Cymodocea serrulata extract. Furthermore, qualitatively analyzed the predominant components present in the extract which showed considerable antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The qualitative phytochemical analysis results revealed that the ethyl acetate extract contained more number of pharmaceutically valuable phytochemicals than other solvent extracts. The ethyl acetate extract showed excellent antibacterial activity against S. aureus (20 mm) followed by P. aeruginosa (18.11 mm), E. coli (17.20 mm), B. subtilis (17.11 mm), C. diphtheriae (17.10 mm) and C. pneumoniae (17.0 mm) at the concentration of 75 mg ml -1. The antioxidant ac-tivity results revealed that the crude ethyl acetate extract of C. serrulata demonstrated significant free radicals scavenging activity ranging from 25.562 +/- 1.62 %, 63.615 +/- 1.02 %, 75.524 +/- 0.48 %, and 88.048 +/- 1.28 % for DPPH, FRAP, H2O2, and nitric oxide radicals scavenging assays at the concentration of 100 mg ml-1 respectively. Furthermore, the GC-MS analysis results revealed that the ethyl acetate extract contained 14 major components, the majority of which had previously been identified as pharmaceutically valuable components. These findings concluded that the components present in the ethyl acetate extract of C. serrulate have pharmaceutical value and may be useful to the humanity.