Unraveling physicochemical profiles and bioactivities of citrus peel essential oils: a comprehensive review

Several investigations have demonstrated the diverse functions of the molecular components of citrus essential oils. This comprehensive overview aims to explore the physiochemical profiles and bioactivities of essential oils derived from citrus peels and their beneficial effects on human health. Although fruit peels are rich sources of bioactive chemicals, they are frequently underutilized in the food industry. Additionally, these essential oil components have insecticidal activities against various insect species and have been found to be advantageous against numerous diseases. Limonene is the primary constituent profile of citrus essential oils, but varying percentages of other constituent compounds, such as & beta;-citronellal, & beta;-myrcene, & beta;-caryophyllene, linalool, pinene, terpinene, and citral, have also been identified in different citrus peel essential oils. Citrus peel essential oils are abundant sources of beneficial chemical compounds, including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, dietary fibers, proteins, fats, sugars, and chemicals with insecticidal properties. By converting citrus peel waste into an industrial input with advantageous outputs, the value of citrus peel has been enhanced, thereby addressing waste management issues. This review article focuses on the value addition of citrus peel and its bioactivities.