Whey Protein Premeal Lowers Postprandial Glucose Concentrations in Adults Compared with Water-The Effect of Timing, Dose, and Metabolic Status: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

被引:6
|
作者
Smedegaard, Stine [1 ,2 ]
Kampmann, Ulla [1 ,2 ]
Ovesen, Per G. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Stovring, Henrik [2 ]
Rittig, Nikolaj [1 ,2 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Aarhus Univ, Dept Clin Med, Aarhus, Denmark
[2] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Steno Diabet Ctr Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
[3] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Aarhus, Denmark
[4] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Endocrinol & Internal Med, Aarhus, Denmark
来源
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION | 2023年 / 118卷 / 02期
关键词
premeal; whey protein; insulin; GLP-1; GIP; gastric emptying; obesity; metabolic syndrome; GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1; INSULIN RESPONSES; ENERGY-INTAKE; ANTROPYLORODUODENAL MOTILITY; INTRADUODENAL PROTEIN; GUT HORMONES; LUNCH MEALS; AMINO-ACID; GLYCEMIA; APPETITE;
D O I
10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.05.012
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Background: Serving whey protein before a meal in order to lower postprandial blood glucose concentrations is known as a premeal. The underlying mechanisms are only partly understood but may involve stimulation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and insulin secretion together with a slower gastric emptying rate.Objectives: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to review all randomized clinical trials investigating premeals with whey protein in comparison with a nonactive comparator (control) that evaluated plasma glucose, GLP-1, GIP, insulin, and/or gastric emptying rate. Secondary aims included subgroup analyses on the timing and dose of the premeal together with the metabolic state of the participants [lean, obese, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)].Methods: We searched EMBASE, CENTRAL, PUBMED, and clinicaltrials.gov and found 16 randomized crossover trials with a total of 244 individuals. The last search was performed on 9 August, 2022.Results: Whey protein premeals lowered peak glucose concentration by -1.4 mmol/L [-1.9 mmol/L; -0.9 mmol/L], and the area under the curve for glucose was -0.9 standard deviation (SD) [-1.2 SD; -0.6 SD] compared with controls (high certainty). In association with these findings, whey protein premeals elevated GLP-1 (low certainty) and peak insulin (high certainty) concentrations and slowed gastric emptying rate (high certainty) compared with controls. Subgroup analyses showed a more pronounced and prolonged glucose-lowering effect in individuals with T2DM compared with participants without T2DM. The available evidence did not elucidate the role of GIP. The protein dose used varied between 4 and 55 g, and meta-regression analysis showed that the protein dose correlated with the glucose-lowering effects.Conclusions: In conclusion, whey protein premeals lower postprandial blood glucose, reduce gastric emptying rate, and increase peak insulin. In addition, whey protein premeals may elevate plasma concentrations of GLP-1. Whey protein premeals may possess clinical potential, but the long-term effects await future clinical trials.
引用
收藏
页码:391 / 405
页数:15
相关论文
共 50 条
  • [31] The effect of Brassica vegetables on blood glucose levels and lipid profiles in adults. A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Darand, Mina
    Alizadeh, Shahab
    Mansourian, Marjan
    PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, 2022, 36 (05) : 1914 - 1929
  • [32] Effect of Physical Activity on Metabolic Syndrome Markers in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Amin, Mohammed
    Kerr, Debra
    Atiase, Yacoba
    Aldwikat, Rami Kamel
    Driscoll, Andrea
    SPORTS, 2023, 11 (05)
  • [33] Effect of Green Tea Supplementation on Antioxidant Status in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
    Rasaei, Niloufar
    Asbaghi, Omid
    Samadi, Mahsa
    Setayesh, Leila
    Bagheri, Reza
    Gholami, Fatemeh
    Soveid, Neda
    Casazza, Krista
    Wong, Alexei
    Suzuki, Katsuhiko
    Mirzaei, Khadijeh
    ANTIOXIDANTS, 2021, 10 (11)
  • [34] Effectiveness of whey protein supplementation on muscle strength and physical performance of older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
    Al-Rawhani, Alaa H.
    Adznam, Siti Nur'Asyura
    Abu Zaid, Zalina
    Yusop, Nor Baizura Md.
    Sallehuddin, Hakimah M.
    Alshawsh, Mohammed A.
    CLINICAL NUTRITION, 2024, 43 (10) : 2412 - 2426
  • [35] Improving sarcopenia in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of whey protein supplementation with or without resistance training
    Li, Ming-Lin
    Zhang, Fei
    Luo, Han-Yong
    Quan, Zi-Wei
    Wang, Yi-Fei
    Huang, Le-Tian
    Wang, Jia-He
    JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING, 2024, 28 (04):
  • [36] The association between blood selenium and metabolic syndrome in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies
    Hajhashemy, Zahra
    Foshati, Sahar
    Bagherniya, Mohammad
    Askari, Gholamreza
    FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION, 2025, 11
  • [37] Reducing postprandial glucose in dietary intervention studies and the magnitude of the effect on diabetes-related risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Ruijgrok, Carolien
    Blaak, Ellen E.
    Egli, Leonie
    Dussort, Pierre
    Vinoy, Sophie
    Rauh, Simone P.
    Beulens, Joline W.
    Robertson, M. Denise
    Alssema, Marjan
    EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, 2021, 60 (01) : 259 - 273
  • [38] Reducing postprandial glucose in dietary intervention studies and the magnitude of the effect on diabetes-related risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Carolien Ruijgrok
    Ellen E. Blaak
    Léonie Egli
    Pierre Dussort
    Sophie Vinoy
    Simone P. Rauh
    Joline W. Beulens
    M. Denise Robertson
    Marjan Alssema
    European Journal of Nutrition, 2021, 60 : 259 - 273
  • [39] Systematic Review of Observational Studies with Dose-Response Meta-Analysis between Folate Intake and Status Biomarkers in Adults and the Elderly
    Novakovic, Romana
    Geelen, Anouk
    Ristic-Medic, Danijela
    Nikolic, Marina
    Souverein, Olga W.
    McNulty, Helene
    Duffy, Maresa
    Hoey, Leane
    Dullemeijer, Carla
    Renkema, Jacoba M. S.
    Gurinovic, Mirjana
    Glibetic, Marija
    de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M.
    van't Veer, Pieter
    ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM, 2018, 73 (01) : 30 - 43
  • [40] Effect of whey protein consumption on IL-6 and TNF-α: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    Jamshidi, Sanaz
    Mohsenpour, Mohammad Ali
    Masoumi, Seyed Jalil
    Fatahi, Somayeh
    Nasimi, Nasrin
    Zahabi, Elham Sharifi
    Pourrajab, Behnaz
    Shidfar, Farzad
    DIABETES & METABOLIC SYNDROME-CLINICAL RESEARCH & REVIEWS, 2022, 16 (01)