Lightning-induced Electron Precipitation (LEP) is a known process of electron loss in the Earth's radiation belts. An LEP event progresses with Very Low Frequency (VLF) radio wave radiation from lightning, trans-ionospheric propagation, and wave-particle gyroresonance interaction with energetic radiation belt electrons. Pitch angle scattered electrons then precipitate onto the ionosphere, allowing detection using VLF remote sensing using high power transmitters. The relative importance of LEP events as a radiation belt electron lifetime driver has heretofore been unclear. We build off a massive database of LEP events observed within the continental US (CONUS) by a network of VLF receivers. For each observed LEP event, based on the characteristics of the ionospheric disturbance, we apply a suite of models to estimate the total number of precipitating electrons, which we can then sum up over all LEP events to quantify lightning's contribution within CONUS. We find that LEP events within CONUS appear to be capable of removing a substantial fraction (up to 0.1%-1%) of radiation belt electrons between 33 and 1,000 keV, and may have stronger contributions to radiation belt losses than earlier estimates.
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Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO USAUniv Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Zhang, Kun
Li, Xinlin
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Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO USAUniv Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Li, Xinlin
Zhao, Hong
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Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO USAUniv Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Zhao, Hong
Xiang, Zheng
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Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO USA
Wuhan Univ, Sch Elect Informat, Dept Space Phys, Wuhan, Peoples R ChinaUniv Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Xiang, Zheng
Khoo, Leng Ying
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Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO USAUniv Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Khoo, Leng Ying
Zhang, Wenxun
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Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Wuhan Univ, Sch Elect Informat, Dept Space Phys, Wuhan, Peoples R ChinaUniv Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Zhang, Wenxun
Hogan, Benjamin
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Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO USAUniv Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Hogan, Benjamin
Temerin, Michael A.
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Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA USAUniv Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
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Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of ChinaKey Laboratory for Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of China
Yongping WANG
Yixin SUN
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Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology, Peking UniversityKey Laboratory for Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of China
Yixin SUN
Qiugang ZONG
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Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology, Peking University
State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Science, Macau University of Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory for Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of China
Qiugang ZONG
Gaopeng LU
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School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of ChinaKey Laboratory for Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of China
Gaopeng LU
Xudong GU
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School of Electronic Information, WuhanKey Laboratory for Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of China
Xudong GU
ZeJun HU
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Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of ChinaKey Laboratory for Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of China
ZeJun HU
Bin LI
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Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of ChinaKey Laboratory for Polar Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of China