Differential Analysis of Korean and Chinese Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) Spore Powder by Infrared Spectroscopy with Stoichiometry

To investigate the differences between Korean Ganoderma lucidum spore powder (KP), broken-sporoderm KP (BSKP), Chinese traditional G. lucidum spore powder (CP), and broken-sporoderm CP (BSCP), they were identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), second derivative infrared spectroscopy (SD-IR), dual-index sequence analysis (DISA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM showed that there were no significant differences in microstructure between the two kinds of spore powders. FT-IR spectra showed that the four spore powders appeared with characteristic peaks of 3400, 3006, 2925, 1745, 1535, 1454, 1249, 1074, 1049, and 896 cm-1, respectively, they were contained the characteristic peaks of total triterpenes, polysaccharides and fatty acids. DISA showed that the same species of spore powders, the overall similarity of before and broken the sporoderm was high with minor differences and there were no differences between the different kinds of spore powders. Similarity analysis showed that the four spore powders were in high agreement and were no differences. The polysaccharide, total triterpene, spore oil and protein content of the four spore powders were determined separately. The results showed that the active ingredients content of the batch of KP were lower than that of CP, that of BSKP were lower than that of BSCP, while the active ingredients content of both broken-sporoderm spore powders were higher than that of before broken-sporoderm. It is inferred that the structure of the main chemical and component of KP is the same as that of CP. This study provides a reference for the future development and application of G. lucidum.