Transcatheter interventions for heart failure

Despite significant advances in the medical management of patients living with heart failure, there contin-ues to be significant morbidity and mortality associated with the condition. There is a growing need for research and development of additional modalities to fill the management and treatment gaps, reduce hospi-talisations and improve the quality of life for patients living with heart failure. In the last decade, there has been a rapid rise in the use of non-valvular catheter-based therapies for the management of chronic heart failure to complement existing guideline-directed management. They target well-defined mechanistic and pathophysiological processes critical to the progression of heart failure including left ventricular remodel-ling, neurohumoral activation, and congestion. In this review, we will explore the physiology, rationale, and current stages of the clinical development of the existing procedures.