Using evidence-based research approach and exploratory studies before conducting a new acupuncture randomized controlled trial

Adequate preliminary research is a prerequisite for ensuring the quality of randomized controlled tri-als (RCTs) on acupuncture. This paper proposes that prior to conducting a new RCT of acupuncture, an evidence-based research (EBR) approach and exploratory studies should be adopted to ensure value and avoid waste of research. EBR, defined as using systematic reviews of relevant clinical studies and obtain the perspectives of end users in a systematic and transparent way to justify research questions and in-form trial design, is recommended as the first step before embarking on an acupuncture RCT to ensure its value and rationality. The subsequent exploratory studies can aid researchers in pre-evaluating the effect of acupuncture treatment protocols, identifying key factors that influence the outcome, and test trial fea-sibility for protocol optimization. This article elucidates the significance and implementation of the EBR approach and exploratory studies, with the aim of providing practical methods to enhance the quality of acupuncture RCTs.(c) 2023 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of World Journal of Acupuncture Moxibustion House.