In an era characterized by the rapid flow of innovation resources in a globally interconnected economy, the concept of innovation ecosystems has gained prominence. This research paper, titled "Exploring the Dynamics of Graduate Students Breakthrough Innovation Ecosystems in "Necklace" Technology: A Game-Theoretical Approach," delves into the transformative role of graduate students in fostering national independent innovation, particularly in the realm of "necklace" technology. It investigates the intricate interplay among knowledge suppliers, demanders, and learning platforms within the tailored breakthrough innovation ecosystem for postgraduates. Drawing upon game theory, the study constructs an evolutionary game model to unravel the dynamics of value co-creation within this ecosystem. The research aims to understand how these elements influence the system's evolution toward an optimal stable state, emphasizing the transformative impact of additional benefits from the knowledge platform and potential advantages from the knowledge supply side. The findings provide theoretical insights into the complex relationships among knowledge providers, demanders, and platforms, shedding light on the conditions that shape the ideal state of the ecosystem. Furthermore, the paper offers valuable managerial implications for stakeholders in graduate education and policymaking. It highlights the central role of knowledge platforms and the need for incentives to encourage knowledge transfer and collaboration. Policymakers can leverage these insights to promote digital technology integration and collaborative knowledge creation among diverse stakeholders, ultimately enhancing the efficacy of innovation ecosystems in graduate education. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on knowledge innovation within the context of graduate education, aligning with contemporary trends in online teaching paradigms and transformative value propositions. It not only enriches theoretical foundations but also provides actionable recommendations for practitioners and policymakers in the field of innovation ecosystems.