Dependance of gadolinium ions on structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of manganese nanoferrites

Gadolinium doped manganese nano ferrites (MnGdxFe2-xO4) (X = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08) for microwave absorbers and storage devices was synthesized by using an effective sol-gel method. The structural parameters analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a well crystalline cubic phase with crystallite size being smaller in Gd doped nanoferrites. Spherical morphology occurred with lesser agglomeration and because of the dopant driven synergistic effect influence the bandgap. The magnetic hysteresis curves demonstrated soft ferromagnetic nature with increasing coercivity (Oe) and decreasing saturation (Ms). Gd co-doping altered the grain and grain boundaries resistance of nano ferrites and better dielectric characteristics were formed with increasing Gd3+ concentration as AC frequency increased (voltage). The result shows the lowest dielectric loss of 1.8542 with the highest dielectric constant of about 1574426.14 for manganese nano ferrites influenced by Gd3+ion.