Response of soil physicochemical properties and functions to environmental factors in the Mangkang Mountains

Soil physical and chemical properties, soil respiration and extracellular enzyme activity are important indicators of soil properties. In order to investigate the influence of environmental factors on soil physicochemical properties and soil function, 21 soil samples were collected at 7 altitudes in the Mangkang Mountain, where vertical differences in climate are evident. The results showed that the soil was not only a good source of water, but also a good source of water. The results show that there are significant differences in soil physicochemical properties, soil respiration and enzyme activity at altitude in the Mangkang Mountain. PCA analysis showed that the first four axes explained 48.91%, 17.44%, 14.72% and 7.29% of the variance in soil characteristics by altitude, indicating that the indicators related to soil function were higher than soil physical and chemical properties at altitude. There was a significant correlation between environmental factors on soil physicochemical properties and soil function, with precipitation having a greater influence on soil physicochemical properties and soil function than mean annual temperature. The results of the study are of great significance in improving the understanding of the material cycle and ecological functions of the mountain ecosystem in the Mangkang Mountain, and provide an important reference for the ecological protection and restoration of the Mangkang Mountain.