Optimizing Relay Sensors in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks: A Biologically Inspired Approach

In recent years, tremendous advances in communication technologies coupled with the ad-vent of the Internet of Things (IoT) have led to the emergence of the Big Data phenomenon. Big Data is one of the big IT challenges of the current decade. The amount of data produced is constantly in-creasing and makes it more and more difficult to process. Managing these masses of data requires the use of new data management systems with efficient access methods. Considered as one of the main sources of Big Data, wireless sensors used in networks offer a credible solution to the problem of Big Data management, especially its collection. Several solutions for Big Data collection based on large-scale wireless sensor networks (LS-WSN) are proposed, taking into account the nature of the applications. The hierarchical architecture is the one used for the deployment of these applications. In such an architecture, relay sensors play an important role in finding the balance of the network and maximizing its lifetime. In most LS-WSN applications, once deployed, the LS-WSN does not provide a mechanism to evaluate and improve the positions of the initially deployed relay sensors. This paper proposes, based on the growth model of physarum polycephalum and its ability to prune unnecessary links and retain only those deemed useful for food routing, a mechanism for evaluating and optimizing relay sensors in LS-WSNs. Simulation results indicate that the proposed approach sig-nificantly improves the network lifetime compared to the initial deployment and that can be a useful approach for LS-WSNs dedicated to Big Data collection. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is demonstrated by experimental results in terms of connectivity and network lifetime.