Dynamics analysis of an SVEIR epidemic model in a patchy environment

In this paper, we propose a multi-patch SVEIR epidemic model that incorporates vaccination of both newborns and susceptible populations. We determine the basic reproduction number R0 and prove that the disease-free equilibrium P0 is locally and globally asymptotically stable if R-0 < 1, and it is unstable if R-0 > 1. Moreover, we show that the disease is uniformly persistent in the population when R-0 > 1. Numerical simulations indicate that vaccination strategies can effectively control disease spread in all patches while population migration can either intensify or prevent disease transmission within a patch.