Antithyroid Drug-Induced Agranulocytosis: A Case Report

Agranulocytosis is a rare but life-threatening complication of methimazole and propylthiouracil, antithyroid drugs (ATDs) prescribed for the treatment of hyperthyroidism. We report the case of a 41-year-old female who presented to our institution with complaints of fevers, chills, sore throat, myalgias, and generalized weakness one month after treatment initiation with methimazole. A complete blood count at admission revealed agranulocytosis with an absolute neutrophil count of 0/mu l. After discontinuation of the medication, she was treated with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics, which improved her condition on day seven of hospitalization.