Designing a bacterial cellulose-based hydrogel incorporated with manganese sulfide and graphene oxide for green extraction of acrylamide in bread samples

A novel nanocomposite based on bacterial cellulose (BC) modified by manganese sulfide (MnS) decorated graphene oxide (GO) was prepared. The hydrogel was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and adsorption/desorption techniques. The sorbent was employed for determining acrylamide in bread samples using micro-solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography. The extraction efficiency of prepared sorbent was 1.4-fold higher than that of BC. The important extraction factors including elution conditions (acetonitrile 300 mu L, 5 min), sorbent composition and mass (50 mg), adsorption time (7 min), sample solution pH (8), and salt effect (3% w/v) were considered for optimization of the method. The analytical merit was validated by assessing the preconcentration factor (178-225), limit of detection (1.56 mu g/kg), limit of quantification (5.15 mu g/kg), linearity (5.15-500 mu g/kg), and determination coefficient (0.9845). The adsorption isotherms and kinetic studies demonstrated that the adsorption process followed the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. The relative recoveries and relative standard deviations were 84%-106% and 2.4%-9.2%, respectively. This paper is the first report on the fabrication and use of BC doped with MnS-GO composite for extraction of acrylamide in typical commercial bread samples.