Comparing the effectiveness of ferric chloride chemical coagulant and natural coagulant of plane tree leaves in turbidity removal from industrial wastewater

The effluent produced by the dairy industry is characterized by high levels of turbidity and organic load. This issue is commonly addressed by employing coagulation techniques to remove turbidity. However, regarding the proven disadvantages involved in using chemical coagulants, it is necessary to explore natural coagulants. This research compares the efficiency of the chemical coagulant (ferric chloride) with natural coagulant (Plantain leaf) concerning their ability to remove turbidity from industrial wastewater. Results indicate that the turbidity removal is similar between the two coagulants. Moreover, an increase in the concentration of coagulants resulted in a higher percentage of turbidity reduction. The highest and lowest reduction efficiency of the ferric chloride coagulant was 99% and 2%, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest and lowest reduction efficiency of the yellow Plantain coagulant was 98% and 22%, respectively. Ultimately, the coagulant derived from the yellow leaves of the Plantain tree is recommended as an effective and practical alternative to the chemical ferric chloride coagulant. This natural coagulant demonstrated a high ability to remove turbidity, complete coagulation, abundant resources, low cost, environment-friendly, and biodegradable.