[1] Western Univ Hlth Sci, Coll Pharm, 309 E Second St, Pomona, CA 91766 USA
[2] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Ctr Healthcare Delivery Sci, Boston, MA USA
[3] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Div Pharmacoepidemiol & Pharmacoecon, Boston, MA USA
[4] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA
[5] Western Univ Hlth Sci, Pomona, CA 91766 USA
[6] Va Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA
[7] ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
[8] Univ Toronto, Inst Hlth Policy Management & Evaluat, Toronto, ON, Canada