Design and performance analysis of wearable antenna for ISM band applications

The paper proposes a wearable multiband antenna applicable for ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band, bluetooth, WiMAX, upper WLAN, fifth-generation (5G) smartphone applications, INSAT and radio altimeter, X-band, point-to-point hi-speed wireless, satellite TV, and C-band applications. This antenna is designed to function at resonance frequencies of 2.45 GHz, 4.6 GHz, 6.6 GHz and 8.2 GHz. The proposed textile antenna design dimensions are 50x80x0.56mm3.The antenna presented 47% impedance bandwidth covering the ISM band. The simulated value of the gain provided by the proposed wearable textile antenna is 5.59 dBi, 3.67 dBi, 3.99 dBi, 4.42 dBi at 2.45 GHz, 4.6 GHz, 6.6 GHz and 8.2 GHz resonant frequencies respectively.Simulations are therefore carried out using the human tissue model to show the specific absorption rate (SAR) value of the proposed antenna at different resonant frequencies. The antenna is fabricated and the simulated reflection coefficient validation is done with the measured results. The Antenna in off space provides 45% (2.1-3.32 GHz) impedance bandwidth. The antenna measured on the back of the human body provides percentage impedance bandwidth of 145% covering 1.4 to 8.8 GHz frequency band applicable for ISM band and other wireless applications.