Computer-assisted orbital and midfacial reconstruction

Objective Computer assistance has become indispensable in the reconstruction of the orbit and midface. Although these are key areas of an individual's esthetic appearance, defects or deformities of the midface, especially those of the orbit, are treated diversely. Methods The aim of this article is to present the wide utility of computer-assistance in modern craniomaxillofacial surgery, including virtual planning, computer-aided design, guided surgery, navigational control, patient-specific implants, and quality control via image fusion. Results There have been rapid advances in both digital planning and manufacturing processes, with continual improvements. Conclusions Patient-specific implants have pushed the boundaries of reconstructive surgery in all surgical specialties.