Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder and Problematic Pornography Use in the Context of Social Ties

Purpose of ReviewThe objective of this review was to (1) outline the current empirical evidence on the impact of social factors on the development and maintenance of CSBs (compulsive sexual behaviors), (2) identify research gaps in this field, and (3) suggest potential future avenues for studying CSBs within a social framework.Recent FindingsThe evidence highlights insecure attachment as a risk factor for the development of CSBs, indicating a potentially more significant role of attachment anxiety. Higher perceived social support was associated with lower CSB severity; however, the small effect size suggests a supportive role. Loneliness may serve as a risk factor for CSBs across populations. Minority stressors were positively related to CSB severity, while therapy addressing those stressors effectively diminished CSB symptoms. Empirical findings imply complex bidirectional influences between the social bonds' quality and CSBD/PPU (compulsive sexual behavior disorder/problematic pornography use). Moreover, interpersonal aspects and mutual support are crucial elements in individual, couple, and group treatment for CSBs.SummaryEmpirical evidence highlights the significance of social factors like loneliness, perceived social support, attachment anxiety, avoidance, and romantic bond quality in CSBD/PPU. Social factors should be considered in clinical practice as they may be involved in the development and maintenance of CSBs. Addressing them in therapy may facilitate the treatment process. However, methodological differences across studies make drawing definitive conclusions impossible. More longitudinal data from multicentered projects using standardized methodologies to clarify causality of the relationships are needed.