Ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals in roadside soil, dust and water of three economic zone in Enugu, Nigeria

被引：13

作者：

Nduka, John Kanayochukwu ^{[1
]}

Umeh, Theresa Chisom ^{[1
]}

Kelle, Henrietta Ijeoma ^{[2
]}

Mgbemena, MaryAnn Nkoli ^{[3
]}

Nnamani, Rebeca Amarachi ^{[1
]}

Okafor, Perpetua Chioma ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Nnamdi Azikiwe Univ, Pure & Ind Chem Dept, Environm Chem & Toxicol Res Unit, PMB 5025, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

[2] Natl Open Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Abuja, Nigeria

[3] Michael Okpara Univ Agr, Dept Chem, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria

[4] Fed Polytech Oko, Dept Nat Sci, Sch Gen Studies, Oko, Nigeria

来源：

URBAN CLIMATE | 2023年 / 51卷

关键词：

Soil; Dust; Groundwater; Pollution indices; Source identification; Heavy metals; Exposure risk; Urban roads; POTENTIALLY TOXIC ELEMENTS; STREET DUST; POLLUTION CHARACTERISTICS; SOURCE IDENTIFICATION; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; TRACE-ELEMENTS; SURFACE-WATER; URBAN SOILS; CONTAMINATION; AREAS;

D O I：

10.1016/j.uclim.2023.101627

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Heavy metals posed threat to humans and environment. Spatial distribution/source identifica-tions of heavy metals in soil, dust and water along major road of three economic zone of Enugu: Enugu/PH road (Industrial area), Agbani Road (Residential) and Ogui New Layout Road (Com-mercial) were evaluated. Soil and dust samples were collected at 15 cm depth and 1 m from roads, underground water at 65 m from roadside between December 2020-April 2021. Heavy metals were quantified by AAS. Heavy metals (mg/kg) in roadside soil varied from 0.00 to 0.05 (Cr), 1.50-4.00 (As), 0.08-6.93 (Ni), 4.98-7.86 (Cu), 0.00-0.03 (Hg), 213.95-274.79 (Fe), 1.25-4.16 (Pb) and 8.49-16.23 (Mn) for Enugu/PH; 0.00-0.20 (Cr), 2.75-3.13 (As), 0.25-4.94 (Ni), 3.65-11.73 (Cu), 0.00-0.00 (Hg), 159.87-233.65 (Fe), 2.08-4.54 (Pb), 6.18-17.15 (Mn) for Agbani; 0.00-0.13 (Cr), 1.48-3.70 (As), 0.03-1.50 (Ni), 3.13-5.54 (Cu), 0.00-0.00 (Hg), 138.06-189.51 (Fe), 0.58-1.38 (Pb), 9.75-21.75 (Mn) for Ogui. The level of heavy metals (mg/ kg) in roadside dust ranged from 0.00 to 0.18 (Cr), 0.00-2.33 (As), 0.85-2.05 (Ni), 4.54-16.93 (Cu), 0.00-0.00 (Hg), 137.36-247.03 (Fe), 0.88-4.99 (Pb), 17.65-26.43 (Mn) for Enugu/PH; 0.00-0.00 (Cr), 0.00-2.85 (As), 0.71-4.68 (Ni), 4.94-121.85 (Cu), 0.00-0.00 (Hg), 159.23-203.70 (Fe), 0.59-14.63 (Pb), 15.05-23.44 (Mn) for Agbani; 0.00-0.14 (Cr), 0.00-2.33 (As), 1.08-4.45 (Ni), 4.25-6.95 (Cu), 0.00-0.00 (Hg), 152.84-207.66 (Fe), 1.00-3.41 (Pb), 14.13-23.18 (Mn) for Ogui. As in water Enugu/PH (0.081 mg/L), Agbani (0.079 mg/L) and Ogui (0.150 mg/L). Principal component analysis indicated that Cr, As, Ni, Cu, Hg, Pb Fe and Mn distributions were affected by traffic, industrial release and natural sources, ecological analysis showed low to moderate pollution. Risk assessment (children/adults) via each pathway were HI <1. Estimated cancer risk of 75% heavy metals via CRing/inh/der (soil, dust water) below 1x 10-6 -1 x 10-4, total cancer risk shows high probability of carcinogenic risk via ingestion as children > adult susceptibility on prolonged exposure to vehicular activity, hence alarming contamination status of heavy metals in Enugu and associated health risk.

引用

页数：21

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